Many people use vitamins, minerals and other nutrients to supplement their diet and address a broad range of ailments. But can they help with rosacea signs and symptoms? A recent article in Archives of Dermatological Research reviewed the medical evidence and offered recommendations patients can put into practice.1
Vitamin A. Most people get sufficient vitamin A in their regular diet, and excess vitamin A can cause side effects including nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. However, vitamin A-derived oral and topical medications known as retinoids, such as isotretinoin and adapalene, are commonly used to treat acne. These prescription therapies are not approved by the FDA for the treatment of rosacea, but numerous clinical studies have shown that they may be effective in reducing redness and bumps and pimples.2
Vitamin B3. Studies of skin-care products containing nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, improved skin barrier function and reduce inflammation, redness and bumps and pimples.
Zinc Sulfate. While research on oral zinc has been inconclusive, the authors found studies suggesting topical zinc sulfate may be effective in treating mild rosacea.
Omega-3. Omega-3 fatty acids have shown promise in managing ocular rosacea, the authors noted. In two studies, omega-3 supplements significantly reduced dry eye symptoms and meibomian gland function. However, recent research has identified some potential cardiovascular side effects of fish oil supplements, so it is important to check with your physician before starting omega-3 fatty acid supplements.
Vitamin K. The authors reported that a small study provided evidence that topical vitamin K may be effective in treating steroid-induced rosacea, significantly and rapidly reducing flushing, persistent redness, visible blood vessels (telangiectasia) burning sensation and dryness. However, they noted that no research has been conducted on vitamin K’s effect on non-steroidal rosacea.
“Patients should use caution when using dietary supplements to treat their condition,” said Dr. Rajani Katta, clinical assistant professor of medicine at Baylor College of Medicine. “Too much of a good thing may cause undesirable side effects. As with anything consumed or put on the skin, it’s best to test and monitor your reaction to make sure it doesn’t lead to a flare-up.”
Dr. Katta noted that a large population study found rosacea patients are at increased risk of gastrointestinal diseases,3 including small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and that treatment for SIBO often improves a patient’s rosacea signs and symptoms as well. She recommended that patients therefore take measures to promote gut health, including prebiotic and probiotic foods that support beneficial microbes.
References
1. Algarin YA, Pulumati A, Jaalouk D, et al. The role of vitamins and nutrients in rosacea. Arch Dermatol Res 2024 May 2;316(5):142. doi: 10.1007/s00403-024-02895-4.
2. Desai S, Friedman A, Isotretinoin as a treatment strategy for rosacea: a
systematic review. JAAD International (2024) pre-publication. doi: 10.1016/j.jdin.2024.04.009
3. Egeberg A, Weinstock LB, Thyssen EP et al. Rosacea and gastrointestinal disorders - a population-based cohort study. Br J Dermatol 2016 Aug 8. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14930. [Epub ahead of print]